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2007/04/16	全球暖化‧人類共業～【不願面對的真象】	寄件者：礁溪山泉余曼玲【許耀天整理提供】	原文
原文內容	全球暖化‧人類共業～【不願面對的真象】寄件者：礁溪山泉余曼玲日期：Fri, 13 Apr 2007 19:33:27 +0800 【許耀天整理提供】 ■全球暖化小常識--全球暖化到底是什麼？ □全球暖化是二氧化碳及其他溫室氣體排放到地球大氣層所造成的。這些氣體就像厚厚的毯子，把日光的熱能困住，造成地球的溫度上升。溫室氣體愈多，地球的溫度就會愈高。這些溫室氣體來自汽車的化石燃料、發電廠以及森林及農地的流失。 □科學家研究遠古冰河遺留的冰柱、海洋的沉澱物以及樹木和珊瑚環礁，發現全球暖化的線索。 □全球暖化對人類文明造成問題是因為它會導致威力強大的暴風雨和旱災、冰河融化、海平線上升、氣候模式驟變以及傳染病散播等危機。 □汽車和以燃煤發電的發電廠是美國最大的二氧化碳排放源。砍伐森林也是造成全世界二氧化碳大量排放的來源。 □科學家說除非我們減低導致全球暖化的溫室氣體的排放量，全球的平均氣溫在本世紀末將上升03到09度。 ■氣溫上升預期的效應 □全球暖化將加強颶風的強度。過去數十年來，全球四和五級颶風的數量幾乎加倍。由於海洋的溫度增高，熱帶暴風雨將吸收更多能量，威力也會變得更強。 □1978年至今，北極冰圈以每十年約百分之九的速度縮小。 □超級暴風雨在某些地區造成嚴重水災，其它地區的旱災和林火則會增加。 □2003年，熱浪在歐洲造成3萬人喪生，並在印度造成1千5百人喪命。 □過去50年來，全球平均氣溫以有史以來最快的速度持續上升。 □超級暴風雨在某些地區造成嚴重水災，其它地區的旱災和林火則會增加。 □珊瑚礁及高山草原等生態棲息地將遭到嚴重破壞，使得許多動植物面臨絕種的危機。 ■我們能做什麼？ □使用高效率能源、再生能源以及節約能源等全新政策都是解決全球暖化的方法。許多科技早就已經存在，可以用來解決全球暖化的問題。可以立即採取的行動包括全世界都同意製造二氧化碳排放量低的汽車，省電的電器用品以及節約能源。 □人也可以減低他們排放的溫室氣體量，達到立即的成效。 □各大廠商已經開始設法減低二氧化碳排放量，同時達到省錢的目的，但是開發新技術仍有很大的潛力。 □研發並提供全新的乾淨能源技術，例如風力發電、太陽能發電、油電混合引擎以及另類燃料，都將能改善全球暖化的現象。 ■個人能做什麼？ Here’s how: ★Replace a regular incandescent light bulb with a compact fluorescent light bulb (cfl) [01] 以省電燈泡取代一般白熾燈泡。 CFLs use 60% less energy than a regular bulb. This simple switch will save about 300 pounds of carbon dioxide a year. If every family in the U.S. made the switch, we’d reduce carbon dioxide by more than 90 billion pounds! You can purchase CFLs online from the Energy Federation. ★Move your thermostat down 2° in winter and up 2° in summer [02] 將冷暖空調於冬天時調低02度，夏天時調高02度。〈建議冷氣設定在攝氏26～28度〉 Almost half of the energy we use in our homes goes to heating and cooling. You could save about 2,000 pounds of carbon dioxide a year with this simple adjustment. The American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy has more tips for saving energy on heating and cooling. ★Clean or replace filters on your furnace and air conditioner [03] 清潔冷暖氣機的濾網。 Cleaning a dirty air filter can save 350 pounds of carbon dioxide a year. ★Install a programmable thermostat [04] 裝設變頻式空調。 Programmable thermostats will automatically lower the heat or air conditioning at night and raise them again in the morning. They can save you $100 a year on your energy bill. ★Choose energy efficient appliances when making new purchases [05] 選購節能標章家電。 Look for the Energy Star label on new appliances to choose the most efficient models. If each house hold in the U.S. replaced its existing appliances with the most efficient models available, we’d eliminate 175 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions every year! ★Wrap your water heater in an insulation blanket [06] 以絕緣毯包裹水熱式暖器機。(台灣較少見) You’ll save 1,000 pounds of carbon dioxide a year with this simple action. You can save another 550 pounds per year by setting the thermostat no higher than 120 degrees Fahrenheit. ★Use less hot water [07] 少用熱水。〈可裝設低流量淋浴頭，另，勿用熱水洗衣服〉 It takes a lot of energy to heat water. You can use less hot water by installing a low flow showerhead (350 pounds of carbon dioxide saved per year) and washing your clothes in cold or warm water (500 pounds saved per year) instead of hot. ★Use a clothesline instead of a dryer whenever possible [08] 少用烘乾機，多用曬衣繩晾曬衣服。 You can save 700 pounds of carbon dioxide when you air dry your clothes for 6 months out of the year. ★Turn off electronic devices you’re not using [09] 電器未使用時，隨手關閉電源。〈例如：電視、DVD、音響、電腦...等〉 Simply turning off your television, DVD player, stereo, and computer when you’re not using them will save you thousands of pounds of carbon dioxide a year. ★Unplug electronics from the wall when you’re not using them [10] 不用的電器拔掉插頭。〈例如：吹風機、手機充電器、電視機....等〉 Even when turned off, things like hairdryers, cell phone chargers and televisions use energy. In fact, the energy used to keep display clocks lit and memory chips working accounts for 5 percent of total domestic energy consumption and spews 18 million tons of carbon into the atmosphere every year! ★Only run your dishwasher when there’s a full load and use the energy-saving setting [11] 洗碗機放滿之後再啟動，並儘量使用節能裝置。 You can save 100 pounds of carbon dioxide per year. ★Insulate and weatherize your home [12] 做好房子牆壁及屋頂的隔熱及門窗填縫。 Properly insulating your walls and ceilings can save 25% of your home heating bill and 2,000 pounds of carbon dioxide a year. Caulking and weather-stripping can save another 1,700 pounds per year. The Consumer Federation of America has more information on how to better insulate your home. ★Be sure you’re recycling at home [13] 愛物惜物，循環再利用。 You can save 2,400 pounds of carbon dioxide a year by recycling half of the waste your household generates. Earth 911 can help you find recycling resources in your area. ★Buy recycled paper products [14] 使用再生紙，可減少砍伐森林。 It takes less 70 to 90% less energy to make recycled paper and it prevents the loss of forests worldwide. ★Plant a tree [15] 多種樹，不要砍樹。 A single tree will absorb one ton of carbon dioxide over its lifetime. Shade provided by trees can also reduce your air conditioning bill by 10 to 15%. The Arbor Day Foundation has information on planting and provides trees you can plant with membership. ★Get a home energy audit [16] 求教能源精控專家。 Many utilities offer free home energy audits to find where your home is poorly insulated or energy inefficient. You can save up to 30% off your energy bill and 1,000 pounds of carbon dioxide a year. Energy Star can help you find an energy specialist. ★Switch to green power [17] 使用綠色能源，例如：風力、太陽能。 In many areas, you can switch to energy generated by clean, renewable sources such as wind and solar. The Green Power Network is a good place to start to figure out what’s available in your area. ★Buy locally grown and produced foods [18] 購買當地生產的食材，便可減少食材需長途運送。 The average meal in the United States travels 1,200 miles from the farm to your plate. Buying locally will save fuel and keep money in your community. ★Buy fresh foods instead of frozen [19] 購買新鮮食物，少買冷凍食品。 Frozen food uses 10 times more energy to produce. ★Seek out and support local farmers markets [20] 支持、購買當地農場產品。 They reduce the amount of energy required to grow and transport the food to you by one fifth. You can find a farmer’s market in your area at the USDA website. ★Buy organic foods as much as possible [21] 儘量選購有機食品。 Organic soils capture and store carbon dioxide at much higher levels than soils from conventional farms. If we grew all of our corn and soybeans organically, we’d remove 580 billion pounds of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere! ★Avoid heavily packaged products [22] 避免過度包裝物品。 You can save 1,200 pounds of carbon dioxide if you cut down your garbage by 10%. ★Eat less meat [23] 少吃牛排等肉類，因為飼養更多家畜時，會增加排出二氧化碳的量。 Methane is the second most significant greenhouse gas and cows are one of the greatest methane emitters. Their grassy diet and multiple stomachs cause them to produce methane, which they exhale with every breath. ★When it is time for a new car, choose a more fuel efficient vehicle [24] 選購燃料動能效率高的新車。 You can save 3,000 pounds of carbon dioxide every year if your new car gets only 3 miles per gallon more than your current one. You can get up to 60 miles per gallon with a hybrid! You can find information on fuel efficiency here and here. ★Try car sharing [25] 推動汽車共用、共享制。 Need a car but don’t want to buy one? Community car sharing organizations provide access to a car and your membership fee covers gas, maintenance and insurance. Many companies – such as Flexcar -- offer low emission or hybrid cars too! Also, see ZipCar. ★Try telecommuting from home [26] 嚐試在家遠距離工作。 Telecommuting can help you drastically reduce the number of miles you drive every week. For more information, check out the Telework Coalition. ★Fly less [27] 少搭飛機。 Air travel produces large amounts of emissions so reducing how much you fly by even one or two trips a year can reduce your emissions significantly. You can also offset your air travel by investing in renewable energy projects. ■其他建議方法 [28] 隨身攜帶環保筷。 [29] 廚餘回收。 [30] 以腳踏車或大眾交通工其代步、能步行更好。 [31] 暫時停車超過三分鐘時先熄火。 [32] 改變用一次即丟的習慣。 [33] 減少開冰箱次數。 [34] 洗衣前先浸泡二十分鐘，提高洗衣效率。 [35] 洗衣時，集中大量清洗，避免分小批清洗。 [36] 不用吸塵器改用掃把。 [37] 不買碳酸飲料。 [38] 多穿二手衣也可助環保。 [39] 推廣【穿夏衫活動】，避免穿西裝吹冷氣。 2005年日本已成功施行Cool Biz活動，即推廣不打領帶、減少吹冷氣的【穿夏衫活動】，從小泉首相帶頭做起。 [40] 不用塑膠袋，隨時自備購物袋。 [41] 出國飛機選擇直飛。 [42] 不用氟氯碳化物噴霧產品。 [43] 若發現火車冷氣太冷，請主動告知列車長或台鐵。 [44] 飯店業：使用節電卡裝置的房間，預設燈光亮度適中即可，勿全開啟。 [45] 飯店業：鼓勵旅客減少使用毛巾。 [46] 飯店業：鼓勵旅客自帶牙刷等，減少使用拋棄式備品。 [47] 飯店業：節約能源成功案例 http://www.ecct.org.tw/success/NEW/index.htm ◎台糖長榮酒店〈台南〉 http://www.ecct.org.tw/success/NEW/cc_6_95.htm ◎長榮桂冠酒店〈基隆〉 http://www.ecct.org.tw/success/NEW/EVA.html ◎永豐棧麗緻酒店〈台中〉 http://www.ecct.org.tw/success/NEW/Yuang.html ◎國賓大飯店〈新竹〉 http://www.ecct.org.tw/success/NEW/bin.html ◎中信大飯店〈花蓮〉 http://www.ecct.org.tw/success/NEW/ChinaT.html ◎大億麗緻酒店〈台南〉 http://www.ecct.org.tw/success/NEW/cc_1.htm ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ☆請大家集思廣義將建議加進來 ★欲知更多資訊或採取行動：請到 www.climatecrisis.net ●【不願面對的真象】中文官方網站： http://www.uip.com.tw/ait/thescience.html ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 余曼玲礁溪山泉大飯店　Sun Spring Resort 26241宜蘭縣礁溪鄉礁溪路06段36號 Tel: (03) 988-7979 ext. 1838 Fax: (03) 988-0066 Web: http://www.sunspring-resort.com.tw mailto: sun6.spring@msa.hinet.net ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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